---
title: "Altman Z-score: formula and 2 recent papers"
description: "Altman Z-score was mentioned in 2 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #92 of the 104 equations and models mentioned."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/altman-z-score
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/altman-z-score.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
share_text: "Altman Z-score was mentioned in 2 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #92 of the 104 equations and models mentioned."
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-10-26T14:52:47+09:00
window: 2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Altman Z-score

$$
Z = 1.2X_1 + 1.4X_2 + 3.3X_3 + 0.6X_4 + 1.0X_5
$$

Bankruptcy predictor that weights five accounting ratios (working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market equity, sales).

- area: Asset pricing and risk
- 0 papers in the last 7 days
- Names searched for: Altman Z, Altman's Z

Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/equations.md

## Key findings

- Altman Z-score was mentioned in 2 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #92 of the 104 equations and models mentioned.
- By journal category: Finance (2).
- Most of them appeared in The North American Journal of Economics and Finance (1) and Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money (1).
- Often mentioned together with Ordinary least squares (OLS) (2), Difference-in-differences (1) and Two-way fixed-effects panel regression (1).
- Datasets named in the same papers: Compustat (2), VIX (1) and OVX (crude oil volatility index) (1).
- From Oct 2023 to Sep 2026, 19 archived papers mentioned Altman Z-score in their title, abstract or keywords, most of them in Feb 2024 (2).

## Mentions over 36 months

*Papers mentioning it by publication month, Oct 2023 to Sep 2026 (titles, abstracts and keywords)*

| Trend | Oct 23–Sep 24 | Oct 24–Sep 25 | Oct 25–Sep 26 | 36 months |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
|  | 8 | 9 | 2 | 19 |

*Papers mentioning Altman Z-score, newest first.*

| Date | Title | Journal | Authors | Affiliations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-08 | [Is the relationship between climate policy uncertainty and cash holding nonlinear?](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2026.102730) | [The North American Journal of Economics and Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/the-north-american-journal-of-economics-and-finance.md) | Augustinos I. Dimitras, Efstathios Magerakis, George Peppas | Hellenic Open University |
| 2026-09-27 | [Bank market power and corporate stock price crash risk: borrowers’ manipulation incentives](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2026.102407) | [Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-international-financial-markets-institutions-and-money.md) | Shengfeng Li, Liang Han, Biao Mi | University of Sheffield; Dongbei University of Finance and Economics; University of Surrey; … |

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Altman Z-score. Journal Research Rankings. Retrieved October 26, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/equations/altman-z-score

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-equations-altman-z-score,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Altman Z-score},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/equations/altman-z-score}},
  urldate = {2026-10-26},
  note = {Journal Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).