---
title: "Contrastive loss (InfoNCE): formula and 80 recent papers"
description: "Contrastive loss (InfoNCE) was mentioned in 80 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #10 of the 104 equations and models mentioned."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/contrastive-loss-infonce
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/contrastive-loss-infonce.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-10-26T13:22:50+09:00
window: 2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Contrastive loss (InfoNCE)

$$
\mathcal{L} = -\log \frac{\exp(\mathrm{sim}(z_i, z_j)/\tau)}{\sum_{k \ne i} \exp(\mathrm{sim}(z_i, z_k)/\tau)}
$$

Pulls representations of matching pairs together and pushes others apart.

- area: Machine learning
- 3 papers in the last 7 days
- Names searched for: InfoNCE, contrastive loss, contrastive learning, NT-Xent

Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/equations.md

## Key findings

- Contrastive loss (InfoNCE) was mentioned in 80 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #10 of the 104 equations and models mentioned.
- By journal category: AI (77), Accounting (1), Management (1) and Operations Research (1).
- Most of them appeared in Expert Systems with Applications (16), Pattern Recognition (15) and Knowledge-Based Systems (8).
- Often mentioned together with Scaled dot-product attention (Transformer) (23), Graph neural network (graph convolution) (17) and Convolutional neural network (CNN) (14).
- Datasets named in the same papers: OR-Library (8), ImageNet (7) and Fine-grained benchmarks (CUB-200, Stanford Cars, Oxford Flowers) (4).
- From Apr 2024 to Sep 2026, 1,276 archived papers mentioned Contrastive loss (InfoNCE) in their title, abstract or keywords, most of them in Jul 2025 (84).

## Mentions over 30 months

*Papers mentioning it by publication month, Apr 2024 to Sep 2026 (titles, abstracts and keywords)*

| Trend | Apr 24–Sep 24 | Oct 24–Sep 25 | Oct 25–Sep 26 | 30 months |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
|  | 299 | 819 | 158 | 1,276 |

*Papers mentioning Contrastive loss (InfoNCE), newest first. Newest 50 of 80 papers; all of them are in /data/papers.json.*

| Date | Title | Journal | Authors | Affiliations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-21 | [VOGUE: Sequence-adaptive online graph tracking with virtual long-term memory](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115166) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Yuhao Wei, Shoudong Han, Wenbo Zheng et al. | Huazhong University of Science and Technology |
| 2026-10-20 | [Weighted UnLearning from Experience for Improved Spurious Correlation Robustness](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07164-1) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Jeff Mitchell, Jesus; id_orcid 0000-0002-9574-4138 Martinez-del-Rincon, Niall McLaughlin | Queen's University Belfast |
| 2026-10-20 | [Central description length (CDL) clustering validation index](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2026.104644) | [Artificial Intelligence](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence.md) | Mahdi Shamsi, Soosan Beheshti | McGill University |
| 2026-10-19 | [MASIG: Multi-view augmentation for graph representation learning on structurally imbalanced graphs](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134763) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Bingqian Xue, Mingxia Zhao, S. H. Zhang et al. | China Agricultural University; Shanxi Science and Technology Department; Taiyuan University of Science and Technology |
| 2026-10-19 | [DReX: An explainable deep learning-based multimodal recommendation framework](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2026.117184) | [Knowledge-Based Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-based-systems.md) | Adamya Shyam, Venkateswara Rao Kagita, Bharti Rana et al. | University of Delhi; National Institute of Technology Warangal |
| 2026-10-18 | [Learning long-tailed representations via diversity-enhanced contrastive learning](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109790) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Yibo Xu, Wenyi Zhao, Bin Zheng et al. | Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications; Henan Institute of Science and Technology |
| 2026-10-18 | [LLM-Powered Query Expansion for Enhancing Boundary Prediction in Language-Driven Action Localization](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03083-9) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Zirui Shang, Xinxiao Wu, Shuo Yang | Beijing Institute of Technology; Shenzhen MSU-BIT University |
| 2026-10-17 | [T-UIL: an incremental few-shot fault diagnosis framework based on uncertainty-guided trustworthy sample screening](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-026-07517-2) | [Applied Intelligence](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/applied-intelligence.md) | Qianlong Yu, Liubing Hu, Chengri Lang et al. | Zhejiang Normal University |
| 2026-10-17 | [CorrCLIPv2: Harnessing Unlabeled Images for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03027-3) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | D H Zhang, Fagui Liu, Quan Tang et al. | South China University of Technology; Peng Cheng Laboratory |
| 2026-10-17 | [Language modeling on tabular data: a survey of foundations, techniques and evolution](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-026-11726-z) | [Artificial Intelligence Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence-review.md) | Yucheng Ruan, Xiang Lan, Jingying Ma et al. | National University of Singapore; Institute of Data Science |
| 2026-10-16 | [Generative semantic-enhanced vision-language pre-training for sign language translation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2026.105234) | [Information Processing & Management](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-processing-management.md) | Lixin Wang, Yuchun Fang |  |
| 2026-10-16 | [Global-local information fusion via contrastive learning and optimal transport for weakly paired H&E-to-IHC stain transfer](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2026.104879) | [Information Fusion](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-fusion.md) | Weiwei Zhou, Dongdong Zhou, Qibin Zhang et al. | Dalian University of Technology; Jiangsu Province Hospital; First Hospital of China Medical University; … |
| 2026-10-16 | [Synthesizing event semantics for temporal knowledge graph reasoning](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2026.105232) | [Information Processing & Management](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-processing-management.md) | T. Li, Yilin Duan, Xun Liang et al. | China University of Geosciences |
| 2026-10-15 | [METRO: A general and multi-view trajectory representation framework for dynamic urban environments](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2026.117204) | [Knowledge-Based Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-based-systems.md) | Yuanzhang Zhao, Leixiao Li, Hao Lin et al. | Nankai University; Inner Mongolia University of Technology |
| 2026-10-14 | [AdaTL-VA: Toward discriminative semantic boundaries for weakly supervised video anomaly detection](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134697) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Wenhao Shao, Jiayi Huang, Xuechen Zhao et al. | Guangxi University; Shandong Women’s University; National University of Defense Technology |
| 2026-10-14 | [MT-MNER: A multimodal named entity recognition model based on multi-view contrastive learning and two-stage feature fusion](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2026.104864) | [Information Fusion](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-fusion.md) | Mingxing Han, Li Jiaxuan, Liwei Xu | Nanjing University; Dongbei University of Finance and Economics |
| 2026-10-14 | [Echo-DM: Ultrasound marker removal via conditional latent diffusion and region-aware fusion](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109757) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Zhiwei Wang, Tao Huang, Wentao Jiang et al. | Wuhan University; Central Hospital of Wuhan; Hubei University of Technology |
| 2026-10-13 | [A3AD: Enhancing CLIP with Triple-Aware Learning for Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115125) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Aimin Feng, Junjie Zheng, Keyang Yu et al. | Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing University of the Arts; Nanjing University; … |
| 2026-10-13 | [Multi-scale adaptive frequency enhanced network with cross-domain disentangled contrastive learning for robust recommendation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134705) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Ruoyan Liu, Fuzhen Sun, Yongjie Zheng et al. | Shandong University of Technology |
| 2026-10-13 | [CAMF-Det: Closure-aware multimodal fusion for LiDAR-camera 3D object detection on UAV platforms](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2026.104870) | [Information Fusion](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-fusion.md) | Yanze Jiang, Yanfeng Gu, Xian Li | Harbin Institute of Technology |
| 2026-10-10 | [CSG4Rec: Collaborative-similarity guided semantic IDs tokenization for generative sequential recommendation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2026.104853) | [Information Fusion](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-fusion.md) | Wei Liu, Bo Yang, Qianyang Zhu et al. | University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Hong Kong Polytechnic University |
| 2026-10-10 | [Interpretable cine MR image–tabular integration for major adverse cardiovascular event prediction and survival analysis in acute myocardial infarction](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134685) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Feifei Zhang, Kairui Bo, Siyuan Pan et al. | Anhui University; Beijing Anzhen Hospital; University of Science and Technology of China |
| 2026-10-10 | [TACoS: Weakly supervised learning of two-dimensional materials from scribble annotations to precise segmentation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115084) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Jiabei Chen, Liping Zhang, Jiangbin Wu et al. | Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Semiconductors; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| 2026-10-09 | [A multimodal diagnosis model combining multi-granularity contrastive learning and quality-aware adaptive fusion](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115118) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Ruiquan Ge, Zhipeng Wang, Deqiang Xiao et al. | Hangzhou Dianzi University; Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data; Beijing Institute of Technology; … |
| 2026-10-09 | [Contrastive semi-supervised clustering based on pairwise constraint for identifying influential nodes in complex networks](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134684) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Bing Sun, Yanmei Hu, Jie Wei et al. | Chengdu University of Technology |
| 2026-10-09 | [Meta-contrastive learning with lightweight support-based query interaction for few-shot fine-grained visual classification](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2026.117152) | [Knowledge-Based Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-based-systems.md) | Yuxiang Wang, Yazhou Wang, Peijia Yu et al. | Guizhou University |
| 2026-10-09 | [CaCoL: Causality-Aware Multi-Centroid Contrastive Learning for multivariate time series anomaly detection](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2026.117167) | [Knowledge-Based Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-based-systems.md) | Xiaofei Mu, Ye Tao, Hao Lu et al. | China University of Petroleum, East China; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Shandong Normal University |
| 2026-10-09 | [CBRR: A correlation-based redundancy reduction framework with multi-omics multi-level fusion for cancer subtype prediction](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134637) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Junran Zhao, Tao Ouyang, Qinghang Cui et al. | Yunnan University; Kunming Medical University |
| 2026-10-09 | [Test-time optimization for domain adaptive open vocabulary segmentation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109689) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Ulindu De Silva, Didula Samaraweera, Sasini Wanigathunga et al. | University of Moratuwa; Stony Brook University; Khalifa University of Science and Technology |
| 2026-10-08 | [ALDGnet: Active learning-based label-efficient network for domain generalization in hyperspectral image classification](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115110) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Xiangyu Ji, Jingpeng Gao | Harbin Engineering University |
| 2026-10-08 | [JTCSE: Joint tensor-modulus constraints and cross-attention for unsupervised contrastive learning of sentence embeddings](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109724) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Tianyu Zong, Bingkang Shi, Hongzhu Yi et al. | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| 2026-10-07 | [ASAF-MedRec: Auxiliary-supervised semantic alignment and fusion for medication recommendation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2026.105218) | [Information Processing & Management](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-processing-management.md) | Xuelei Yin, QIN Li, Yao Li et al. | Sichuan University |
| 2026-10-07 | [Decoupled semantic alignment and emotion-aware gated fusion for group emotion recognition](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134646) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Hongxi Yi, Yufei Xie, Dong Zhang et al. | Sun Yat-sen University; Wuhan University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; … |
| 2026-10-07 | [Defect SAM Adapter: Dual-path dynamic adapting Segment Anything Model for surface defect segmentation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2026.117153) | [Knowledge-Based Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-based-systems.md) | Xudong Yang, Xinnan Fan, Peiyu Zhao et al. | Hohai University |
| 2026-10-07 | [SEPAL-Fuse: Semantic-preserving alignment for infrared–visible image fusion](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109705) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Xianshuai Li, Shuqing Liang, Jian Zhang et al. | Central South University |
| 2026-10-06 | [CRAFMark: Contrastive-driven robust adaptive frequency-aware video watermarking against H.265/HEVC compression](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134652) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Shunzhe Zhu, Ke Niu, Jun Li et al. | Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University |
| 2026-10-06 | [GBmooer: Granular-ball text label smoothing with hypersphere contrastive learning](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134643) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Jintao Zhai, Zeli Wang, Shuyin Xia et al. | Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications; Southwest University |
| 2026-10-05 | [Management control in startups: a structured literature review](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-026-00430-2) | [Journal of Management Control](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-management-control.md) | Anderson Betti Frare, Deoclécio Júnior Cardoso da Silva, Ana Paula Capuano da Cruz et al. | Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; … |
| 2026-10-03 | [Evolution of sentiment analysis toward aspect-based sentiment analysis: a scientometric analysis of research trends, knowledge structures, and emerging technologies (2015–2025)](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-026-01273-0) | [Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/data-mining-and-knowledge-discovery.md) | Neha Goyal, Rajiv Bansal | Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana |
| 2026-10-03 | [Dual-view contrastive learning for heterogeneous graph representation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115060) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Rongyao Hu, Bingyun Yang, Jiangzhang Gan et al. | University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Hainan University; Beijing Information Science & Technology University; … |
| 2026-10-03 | [IGPC: Multi-domain multimodal fake news detection via Info-Gini Weight Adaptation and Prototypical Multi-level Contrastive Learning](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2026.105216) | [Information Processing & Management](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-processing-management.md) | Miao Jiang, Adrian Girón Jiménez, Javier Huertas‐Tato et al. | National University of Defense Technology; United Arab Emirates University |
| 2026-10-01 | [Multi-View Contrastive Graph Convolutional Networks with Adaptive Fusion for semi-supervised classification](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115211) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Huaichun Xiao, Fadi Dornaika, Jingjun Bi et al. | University of the Basque Country; Ikerbasque; North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power; … |
| 2026-10-01 | [A generic framework for Graph Neural Networks against adversarial attacks](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115178) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Qian Tao, Da Xiang, Yanchao Zhang et al. | South China University of Technology |
| 2026-10-01 | [A Lagrangian-Inspired Force-Based Loss for Deep Metric Learning](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109798) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Byung Do Cheon, Jeongmin Yu, Jung-Eun Kim et al. | Yonsei University |
| 2026-10-01 | [stPMVG: A graph contrastive learning framework with adaptive graph augmentation and false negative debiasing for spatial domain identification](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134846) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Haohao Zheng, Qintong Lyu, Xiaoshu Zhu et al. | Guilin University of Electronic Technology; City University of Hong Kong |
| 2026-10-01 | [Pre-trained Initialization and Memory-Enhanced Correction for Source-Free Universal Domain Adaptation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134794) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Jianhui Yuan, Shuai Lü, Xinyu Zhang et al. | Jilin University; Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University |
| 2026-10-01 | [Joint contrastive and triplet alignment with memory-enhanced hard negative mining for text-audio bimodal sentiment analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134796) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Siyuan Ni, Xianyong Li, Junyu Nie et al. | Xihua University |
| 2026-10-01 | [RLAX: A Reinforcement Learning-Based Framework for Explaining Anomalous Data](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07182-z) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Simone Amirato, Fabrizio Angiulli, Fabio Fassetti | University of Calabria |
| 2026-10-01 | [MCC-ED: a multi-module collaborative framework for event detection via contextual interaction, closed-loop graph fusion, and event contrastive learning](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-026-07527-0) | [Applied Intelligence](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/applied-intelligence.md) | Xinyu He, Yijin Zhu | Liaoning Normal University |
| 2026-10-01 | [KARAMEL: Knowledge-Aware Ranking for Multimodal Entity Linking in the Arts via Heterogeneous Graphs](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07172-1) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Raffaele Scaringi, Alejandro Sierra Múnera, Gennaro Vessio et al. | University of Bari Aldo Moro; Hasso Plattner Institute; University of Potsdam; … |

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Contrastive loss (InfoNCE). Journal Research Rankings. Retrieved October 26, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/equations/contrastive-loss-infonce

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-equations-contrastive-loss-infonce,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Contrastive loss (InfoNCE)},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/equations/contrastive-loss-infonce}},
  urldate = {2026-10-26},
  note = {Journal Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).