---
title: "Gradient descent: formula and 38 recent papers"
description: "Gradient descent was mentioned in 38 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #29 of the 104 equations and models mentioned."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/gradient-descent
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/gradient-descent.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
share_text: "Gradient descent was mentioned in 38 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #29 of the 104 equations and models mentioned."
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-10-26T14:52:47+09:00
window: 2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Gradient descent

$$
\theta_{t+1} = \theta_t - \eta\, \nabla_\theta \mathcal{L}(\theta_t)
$$

Moves parameters a step against the gradient of the loss; stochastic gradient descent uses mini-batches.

- area: Machine learning
- 7 papers in the last 7 days
- Names searched for: gradient descent, SGD

Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/equations.md

## Key findings

- Gradient descent was mentioned in 38 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #29 of the 104 equations and models mentioned.
- By journal category: AI (21), Operations Research (14), Economics (2) and Finance (1).
- Most of them appeared in Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications (8), Machine Learning (5) and Computational Optimization and Applications (4).
- Often mentioned together with Convolutional neural network (CNN) (13), Cross-entropy loss (10) and Logistic regression (logit) (9).
- Datasets named in the same papers: OR-Library (12), ImageNet (6) and CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 (6).
- From Oct 2023 to Sep 2026, 294 archived papers mentioned Gradient descent in their title, abstract or keywords, most of them in Jan 2025 (18).

## Mentions over 36 months

*Papers mentioning it by publication month, Oct 2023 to Sep 2026 (titles, abstracts and keywords)*

| Trend | Oct 23–Sep 24 | Oct 24–Sep 25 | Oct 25–Sep 26 | 36 months |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
|  | 113 | 133 | 48 | 294 |

*Papers mentioning Gradient descent, newest first.*

| Date | Title | Journal | Authors | Affiliations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-24 | [Optimal Portfolio Allocation with Gromov-Wasserstein Barycenter](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-026-11445-1) | [Computational Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-economics.md) | Alessandro Spelta, Nicoló Pecora, Mario Maggi | University of Pavia |
| 2026-10-23 | [From pixels to profits: trading arbitrage portfolios based on image representations](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11408-026-00507-x) | [Financial markets and portfolio management](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/financial-markets-and-portfolio-management.md) | Niklas Paluszkiewicz | Universität Ulm |
| 2026-10-23 | [Hierarchical Interoceptive–Social Inference Dysregulation: A Computational Psychiatry Framework for Borderline Personality Disorder with Level-1 Active Inference Simulation and Implications for Cluster B Pathology](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-026-10668-6) | [Cognitive Computation](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/cognitive-computation.md) | Marco Fronzi | The University of Sydney |
| 2026-10-22 | [An adaptive line-search-free multiobjective gradient method and its iteration-complexity analysis](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-026-00846-5) | [Computational Optimization and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-optimization-and-applications.md) | Max L. N. Gonçalves, Geovani Nunes Grapiglia, Jefferson G. Melo | Universidade Federal de Goiás; UCLouvain |
| 2026-10-21 | [Solving two-stage stochastic programming problems using alternating direction method of multipliers](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-026-00843-8) | [Computational Optimization and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-optimization-and-applications.md) | Nouralden Mohammed, Montaz Ali | University of the Witwatersrand |
| 2026-10-20 | [Test-Time Computing for Referring Multimodal Large Language Models](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03100-x) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Mingrui Wu, Hao Chen, Jiayi Ji et al. | Xiamen University; Tsinghua University; Nankai University |
| 2026-10-20 | [Convergence Analysis of Stochastic Accelerated Gradient Methods for Generalized Smooth Optimizations](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03102-2) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Chenhao Yu, Yusu Hong, Junhong Lin | Zhejiang University |
| 2026-10-19 | [Solutions of two-stage stochastic minimax problems](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-026-02428-z) | [Mathematical Programming](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/mathematical-programming.md) | Hailin Sun, Xiaojun Chen | Nanjing Normal University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University |
| 2026-10-17 | [Beyond Likelihood Ratio Bias: Nested Multi-time Scale Stochastic Approximation for Likelihood-Free Parameter Estimation](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07175-y) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Zehao Li, Zhouchen Lin, Yijie Peng | Peking University; Nanjing University |
| 2026-10-17 | [Decentralized Conjugate Gradient and Memoryless BFGS Methods](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03112-0) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Liping Wang, Hao Wu, Hongchao Zhang | Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Louisiana State University |
| 2026-10-15 | [A Cognitive, Quantum-Inspired Learning Framework for Energy-Efficient and Reliable Routing in Wireless Body Area Networks](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-026-10665-9) | [Cognitive Computation](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/cognitive-computation.md) | Soufiane Ben Othman, Naima Saeed | King Faisal University; University of Aden |
| 2026-10-14 | [Dynamic gain neuromodulation attenuates stability gaps during continual joint training](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109767) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Alejandro Rodriguez-Garcia, Anindya Ghosh, Srikanth Ramaswamy | Newcastle University |
| 2026-10-09 | [Lipschitz-free mirror descent methods for non-smooth optimization problems](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-026-00842-9) | [Computational Optimization and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-optimization-and-applications.md) | Yuan Bowen, Mohammad Soud Alkousa | Beihang University; Innopolis University |
| 2026-10-08 | [Adaptive parameter manifold learning for low-dimensional neural network optimization](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109725) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Zhekai Du, Wei Ao, Jieyan Liu et al. | University of Electronic Science and Technology of China |
| 2026-10-07 | [Artificial intelligence technologies, skills demand and employment: Evidence from linked job ads](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102974) | [Labour Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/labour-economics.md) | Lennert Peede, Michael Stops | Institut für Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung |
| 2026-10-06 | [A variable smoothing for weakly convex composite minimization with manifold constraint via parametrization](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-026-00830-z) | [Computational Optimization and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-optimization-and-applications.md) | Keita Kume, Isao Yamada | Tokyo Institute of Technology |
| 2026-10-03 | [Uncertainty quantification for trustworthy deep learning: Methods and measures](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109699) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | H. Martin Gillis, Thomas P. Trappenberg | Dalhousie University |
| 2026-10-03 | [StoryReasoning dataset: Using chain-of-thought for scene understanding and grounded story generation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115061) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Daniel A. P. Oliveira, David Martins de Matos | Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investigação e Desenvolvimento; University of Lisbon; Instituto Superior Técnico |
| 2026-10-01 | [First-Order Algorithms for Min–Max Problems with Non-linear Coupled Constraints](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03098-9) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Ioannis Tsaknakis, Prashant Khanduri, Mingyi Hong et al. | University of Minnesota; Wayne State University |
| 2026-10-01 | [Class-based many-objective neural architecture search for deep classifiers](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-026-12510-4) | [Neural Computing and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-computing-and-applications.md) | Guy Mardiks, Adham Salih, Amiram Moshaiov | Tel Aviv University; Braude College of Engineering Karmiel |
| 2026-10-01 | [KARAMEL: Knowledge-Aware Ranking for Multimodal Entity Linking in the Arts via Heterogeneous Graphs](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07172-1) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Raffaele Scaringi, Alejandro Sierra Múnera, Gennaro Vessio et al. | University of Bari Aldo Moro; Hasso Plattner Institute; University of Potsdam; … |
| 2026-10-01 | [Beyond Lipschitz: generalization and optimization analysis for adversarial training under Hölder-type conditions](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07181-0) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Hailiang Ye, Ziqi An, Feilong Cao | China Jiliang University; Zhejiang Normal University |
| 2026-10-01 | [Fix Your Downsampling ASAP! Aliasing and Sinc Artifact Free Pooling in the Fourier Domain](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03005-9) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Julia Grabinski, Steffen Jung, Janis Keuper et al. | Technische Hochschule Mannheim; University of Mannheim; Technische Universität Darmstadt; … |
| 2026-10-01 | [Decentralized gossip learning and federated averaging for histopathology image classification](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-026-12493-2) | [Neural Computing and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-computing-and-applications.md) | Yusuf Öztürk, Bengisu Atli, Enes Goktekin et al. | Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi; Antalya Bilim University; Ankara University; … |
| 2026-10-01 | [From 3D perception to safety reasoning: an intelligent hybrid framework for real-time underground mine monitoring](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134601) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | Pasindu Ranasinghe, Simit Raval, Dibyayan Patra et al. | UNSW Sydney; University of Southern Queensland |
| 2026-10-01 | [Inexact Proximal Point and Tseng Algorithms with Nonsummable Errors to Solve Monotone Inclusions](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03116-w) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Ba Khiet Le, B.Sh. Mordukhovich, Michel A. Théra | Ton Duc Thang University; Wayne State University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; … |
| 2026-10-01 | [An Adaptive Framework for Robust Structural Shape Optimization Under Uncertainty](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03108-w) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | OĞUZ HAN ALTINTAŞ, Hamdullah Yücel | Middle East Technical University; Aselsan (Turkey) |
| 2026-10-01 | [Parallelizable memory recurrent units](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109797) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | Florent De Geeter, Gaspard Lambrechts, Damien Ernst et al. | University of Liège |
| 2026-10-01 | [Monotone and Nonmonotone Linearized Block Coordinate Descent Methods for Nonsmooth Composite Optimization Problems](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03120-0) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Yassine Nabou, Lahcen El Bourkhissi, Sebastian U. Stich et al. | University of Helsinki; Universitatea Națională de Știință și Tehnologie Politehnica București; Helmholtz Center for Information Security |
| 2026-10-01 | [Coherent Local Explanations for Mathematical Optimization](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2026.107549) | [Operations Research Letters](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/operations-research-letters.md) | Daan Otto, Jannis Kurtz, Ş. İlker Birbil | Amsterdam University College; Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences; University of Amsterdam |
| 2026-10-01 | [Effective algorithms for tensor-train decomposition via the UTV framework](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115057) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Yuchao Wang, Maolin Che, Yimin Wei | Chengdu University of Technology; Guizhou University; Fudan University |
| 2026-10-01 | [Frictionless Hamiltonian Descent and Coordinate Hamiltonian Descent for Strongly Convex Quadratic Problems](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03123-x) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Jun-Kun Wang | University of California San Diego |
| 2026-10-01 | [Privacy Leakage on DNNs: A Survey of Model Inversion Attacks and Defenses](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03049-x) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Hao Fang, Yixiang Qiu, Hongyao Yu et al. | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School; Tsinghua University; Harbin Institute of Technology; … |
| 2026-09-30 | [Towards optimized forward–forward training for neural networks](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-026-11668-6) | [Artificial Intelligence Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence-review.md) | Yomna Abdulgawad Elnady, Amany Mahmoud Sarhan, Mohammad Ali Eita | Tanta University; ElSewedy University of Technology |
| 2026-09-29 | [MAdam: MLMC Adam under Markovian Noise with Application to Average-Reward Policy Optimization](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03084-1) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Andrey Veprikov, Vladimir Solodkin, Alexander Chernyavskiy et al. | Innopolis University |
| 2026-09-28 | [Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent for Outcome Weighted Learning](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07168-x) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Aoli Yang, Jun Fan, Yunwen Lei et al. | Zhejiang Normal University; Hong Kong Baptist University; University of Hong Kong |
| 2026-09-28 | [CausalCACTUS: A Causally Consistent and Context-Aware Framework for Counterfactual Explanations](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07155-2) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Zhendong Wang, Diego García, José María Enguita et al. | KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Universidad de Oviedo |
| 2026-09-28 | [DAMEL: Dual-axis multi-expert learning for class-imbalanced learning](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2026.117115) | [Knowledge-Based Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-based-systems.md) | Hyuck Lee, Taemin Park, Heeyoung Kim | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology |

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Gradient descent. Journal Research Rankings. Retrieved October 26, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/equations/gradient-descent

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-equations-gradient-descent,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Gradient descent},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/equations/gradient-descent}},
  urldate = {2026-10-26},
  note = {Journal Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).