--- title: "Kullback-Leibler divergence: formula and 19 recent papers" description: "Kullback-Leibler divergence was mentioned in 19 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #45 of the 104 equations and models mentioned." url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/kullback-leibler-divergence markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/equations/kullback-leibler-divergence.md license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json updated: 2026-10-26T13:22:50+09:00 window: 2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26 source: OpenAlex (CC0) --- # Kullback-Leibler divergence $$ D_{\mathrm{KL}}(P \parallel Q) = \sum_x P(x) \log \frac{P(x)}{Q(x)} $$ How much one probability distribution differs from another. - area: Machine learning - 3 papers in the last 7 days - Names searched for: Kullback-Leibler, KL divergence Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/equations.md ## Key findings - Kullback-Leibler divergence was mentioned in 19 papers in the last 30 days (2026-09-27 to 2026-10-26), ranking #45 of the 104 equations and models mentioned. - By journal category: AI (14), Operations Research (3), Economics (1) and Finance (1). - Most of them appeared in International Journal of Computer Vision (3), Artificial Intelligence Review (2) and Machine Learning (2). - Often mentioned together with Graph neural network (graph convolution) (6), Convolutional neural network (CNN) (5) and Gradient descent (5). - Datasets named in the same papers: OR-Library (7), ImageNet (3) and MS COCO (2). - From Apr 2024 to Sep 2026, 112 archived papers mentioned Kullback-Leibler divergence in their title, abstract or keywords, most of them in Jan 2026 (11). ## Mentions over 30 months *Papers mentioning it by publication month, Apr 2024 to Sep 2026 (titles, abstracts and keywords)* | Trend | Apr 24–Sep 24 | Oct 24–Sep 25 | Oct 25–Sep 26 | 30 months | |---|---:|---:|---:|---:| | | 18 | 63 | 31 | 112 | *Papers mentioning Kullback-Leibler divergence, newest first.* | Date | Title | Journal | Authors | Affiliations | |---|---|---|---|---| | 2026-10-24 | [Optimal Portfolio Allocation with Gromov-Wasserstein Barycenter](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-026-11445-1) | [Computational Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-economics.md) | Alessandro Spelta, Nicoló Pecora, Mario Maggi | University of Pavia | | 2026-10-22 | [Beyond the survey: a systematic empirical study of detection and association in visual MOT](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-026-11713-4) | [Artificial Intelligence Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence-review.md) | Linh Van Ma, Juhua Hu, Wei Cheng et al. | Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; University of Washington Tacoma | | 2026-10-20 | [Weighted UnLearning from Experience for Improved Spurious Correlation Robustness](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07164-1) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Jeff Mitchell, Jesus; id_orcid 0000-0002-9574-4138 Martinez-del-Rincon, Niall McLaughlin | Queen's University Belfast | | 2026-10-17 | [Beyond Likelihood Ratio Bias: Nested Multi-time Scale Stochastic Approximation for Likelihood-Free Parameter Estimation](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-026-07175-y) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | Zehao Li, Zhouchen Lin, Yijie Peng | Peking University; Nanjing University | | 2026-10-15 | [Metropolis-scale resilient and trustworthy traffic flow inference using multi-source data](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2026.106083) | [Transportation Research Part C Emerging Technologies](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/transportation-research-part-c-emerging-technologies.md) | Qishen Zhou, Yifan Zhang, Michail Makridis et al. | Jilin University; City University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan); … | | 2026-10-09 | [Decoupled reverse Kullback–Leibler: Rethinking knowledge distillation loss for bridging GNNs and MLPs](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.115090) | [Pattern Recognition](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/pattern-recognition.md) | Shaokai Xu, Muyang Li, Qiyan Huang et al. | Qingdao University of Science and Technology; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research | | 2026-10-06 | [Dynamic stream clustering for real-time schema profiling with DSC+](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-026-02889-w) | [Knowledge and Information Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-and-information-systems.md) | Chiara Forresi, Matteo Francia, Enrico Gallinucci et al. | University of Bologna | | 2026-10-06 | [Anomaly detection in SAP S/4HANA using hybrid deep learning for multivariate time series data](https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-026-01572-9) | [Journal Of Big Data](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-big-data.md) | Ram Reddy Jonnalagadda, B. P. Joshi, Kiran Kumar Reddy et al. | Osmania University; Graphic Era Hill University; Graphic Era University; … | | 2026-10-04 | [Watts to wealth: Electricity, efficiency, and industrial asset pricing](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2026.105924) | [International Review of Economics & Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-review-of-economics-finance.md) | Anna Pirogova | | | 2026-10-03 | [Information-theoretic drift detection using KL divergence and tolerance time in Sliding Adaptive Beta Distribution Models](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-026-02893-0) | [Knowledge and Information Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/knowledge-and-information-systems.md) | Wenjun Bian, Ature Angbera, Chan Huah Yong et al. | Renmin University of China; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi | | 2026-10-03 | [Uncertainty quantification for trustworthy deep learning: Methods and measures](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2026.109699) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | H. Martin Gillis, Thomas P. Trappenberg | Dalhousie University | | 2026-10-01 | [Fix Your Downsampling ASAP! Aliasing and Sinc Artifact Free Pooling in the Fourier Domain](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03005-9) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Julia Grabinski, Steffen Jung, Janis Keuper et al. | Technische Hochschule Mannheim; University of Mannheim; Technische Universität Darmstadt; … | | 2026-10-01 | [Decision-aware end-to-end joint modeling for supply chain optimization: integrating prediction, simulation, and robustness verification](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-026-12497-y) | [Neural Computing and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-computing-and-applications.md) | Yumin Sun, Xiangfeng Liu | Henan Polytechnic; Wuhan Donghu University | | 2026-10-01 | [Semantic Privacy Protection with Utility Preservation for 3D Point Clouds](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03021-9) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Jinchang Zhang, Jiakai Lin, David Crandall et al. | Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University | | 2026-10-01 | [Securing the flow: Strategic storage and corridor design for maritime energy security under chokepoint disruptions](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2026.105296) | [Transportation Research Part E Logistics and Transportation Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/transportation-research-part-e-logistics-and-transportation-review.md) | Monit Sharma, Hoong Chuin LAU | | | 2026-10-01 | [Disciplined Biconvex Programming](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-026-03125-9) | [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-optimization-theory-and-applications.md) | Hao Zhu, Joschka Boedecker | Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Freiburg | | 2026-10-01 | [Privacy Leakage on DNNs: A Survey of Model Inversion Attacks and Defenses](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-026-03049-x) | [International Journal of Computer Vision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-computer-vision.md) | Hao Fang, Yixiang Qiu, Hongyao Yu et al. | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School; Tsinghua University; Harbin Institute of Technology; … | | 2026-09-28 | [Mapping the RAG landscape: a four-axis taxonomy of efficiency, defense, interactivity, and reasoning](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-026-11715-2) | [Artificial Intelligence Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence-review.md) | Meghana Sunil, Vaddepalli Shravya, Shravan Venkatraman et al. | Vellore Institute of Technology University; Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence | | 2026-09-28 | [Minute-scale training for microrobot navigation](https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-026-01305-w) | [Nature Machine Intelligence](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/nature-machine-intelligence.md) | Yinghan Sun, Aoji Zhu, Xiang Ji et al. | Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Harbin Institute of Technology | ## Cite this page Scholar4AI. (2026). Kullback-Leibler divergence. Journal Research Rankings. Retrieved October 26, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/equations/kullback-leibler-divergence ```bibtex @misc{scholar4ai-equations-kullback-leibler-divergence, author = {{Scholar4AI}}, title = {Kullback-Leibler divergence}, year = {2026}, howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/equations/kullback-leibler-divergence}}, urldate = {2026-10-26}, note = {Journal Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0} } ``` License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).