---
title: "Leiden University: research profile, papers and co-authors"
description: "Research profile of Leiden University: 589 papers in 400 tracked journals since 2017, mostly economics and AI; h-index 858."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/leiden-university
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/leiden-university.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
share_text: "Research profile of Leiden University: 589 papers in 400 tracked journals since 2017, mostly economics and AI; h-index 858. (as of 2026-11-02)"
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-11-02T12:20:52+09:00
window: 2026-10-04 to 2026-11-02
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Leiden University

- 0 papers in the last 7 days
- country: Netherlands
- web domain: leiden.edu

Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/institutions.md

## Key findings

- Leiden University was involved in 3 papers in the last 30 days (2026-10-04 to 2026-11-02), ranking #525 of 3,191 institutions.
- Most of them appeared in Empirical Economics (1), European Journal of Political Economy (1) and Ecological Economics (1).
- Countries: Netherlands (3), Germany (1) and Austria (1).
- From 2023 to 2025, Leiden University ranks #6 in higher education and research.
- From 2017 to 2026 (so far), authors at Leiden University took part in 589 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in economics (153), AI (145) and higher education and research (118).
- 72 of them were published in 2025, against 42 in 2017.
- Since 2023, the institutions with the most of these papers were University of Amsterdam (17), Delft University of Technology (14) and Utrecht University (14).
- The journals publishing most of them were Scientometrics (28), Energy Policy (10) and Machine Learning (9).
- The most-cited of them is “Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer” (Scientometrics, 2017), with 2,679 citations.
- Across everything OpenAlex indexes, Leiden University has 140,148 works with 11,129,313 citations (h-index 858).
- The tracked journals hold 545 of its 62,135 works in OpenAlex from 2017 to 2025 (0.9%).
- Its main research topics in OpenAlex are Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies (19,031), Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena (18,470) and Astronomy and Astrophysical Research (13,623).

## In the rankings

Top institutions, 2023–2025: [#6 in higher education and research](https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/institutions-by-year/higher-education-and-research.md)

## Papers per year

*Papers per publication year and category*

| Category | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 (so far) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| [Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/economics.md) | 12 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 15 | 21 | 12 | 18 | 15 | 11 |
| [AI](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/ai.md) | 9 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 20 | 23 | 21 | 22 | 15 | 15 |
| [Higher Education and Research](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/higher-education-and-research.md) | 15 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 15 | 24 | 6 |
| [Management](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/management.md) | 1 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| [Operations Research](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/operations-research.md) | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| [Information Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/information-systems.md) | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| [Statistics](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/statistics.md) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 1 |
| [Health Economics and Policy](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/health-economics-and-policy.md) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| [Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/finance.md) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
| [Marketing](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/marketing.md) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| [Accounting](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/accounting.md) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| [Tourism and Hospitality](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/tourism-and-hospitality.md) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| All categories | 42 | 51 | 49 | 45 | 63 | 75 | 68 | 80 | 72 | 44 |

## Where the papers come from and its co-authors

*Journals with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Journal | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [Scientometrics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/scientometrics.md) | 28 |
| 2 | [Energy Policy](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/energy-policy.md) | 10 |
| 3 | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | 9 |
| 4 | [Minerva](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/minerva.md) | 8 |
| 5 | [AI & Society](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/ai-society.md) | 8 |
| 6 | [Artificial Intelligence Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence-review.md) | 7 |
| 7 | [IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/ieee-transactions-on-evolutionary-computation.md) | 7 |
| 8 | [Technological Forecasting and Social Change](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/technological-forecasting-and-social-change.md) | 5 |
| 9 | [Statistics & Probability Letters](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/statistics-probability-letters.md) | 5 |
| 10 | [Information Processing & Management](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-processing-management.md) | 5 |

*Institutions with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Institution | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | University of Amsterdam | 17 |
| 2 | [Delft University of Technology](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/delft-university-of-technology.md) | 14 |
| 3 | Utrecht University | 14 |
| 4 | Leiden University Medical Center | 12 |
| 5 | [Erasmus University Rotterdam](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/erasmus-university-rotterdam.md) | 11 |
| 6 | Eindhoven University of Technology | 9 |
| 7 | Tilburg University | 9 |
| 8 | [IZA - Institute of Labor Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/iza-institute-of-labor-economics.md) | 8 |
| 9 | Maastricht University | 8 |

*Countries with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Country | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | Netherlands | 264 |
| 2 | Germany | 33 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 31 |
| 4 | China | 30 |
| 5 | United States | 16 |
| 6 | Italy | 15 |
| 7 | France | 12 |
| 8 | Norway | 8 |
| 9 | Belgium | 7 |
| 10 | Spain | 7 |

*Keywords with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Keyword | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | Netherlands | 8 |
| 2 | hyperparameter optimization | 8 |
| 3 | research evaluation | 8 |
| 4 | gender differences | 5 |
| 5 | model selection | 5 |
| 6 | AI ethics | 4 |
| 7 | Web of Science | 4 |
| 8 | cross-national comparison | 4 |
| 9 | distributional effects | 4 |
| 10 | energy justice | 4 |

## Most-cited papers

*Most-cited papers since 2017*

| # | Citations | Per month | Title | Journal | Published | Authors |
|---:|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2,679 | 23.1 | [Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2300-7) | [Scientometrics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/scientometrics.md) | 2017-02-27 | Nees Jan van Eck, Ludo Waltman |
| 2 | 2,665 | 31.9 | [A survey on semi-supervised learning](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-019-05855-6) | [Machine Learning](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/machine-learning.md) | 2019-11-15 | Jesper E. van Engelen, Holger H. Hoos |
| 3 | 571 | 17.5 | [Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) 2.0: A manifesto of open challenges and interdisciplinary research directions](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2024.102301) | [Information Fusion](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/information-fusion.md) | 2024-02-15 | Luca Longo, Mario Brčić, Federico Cabitza et al. |
| 4 | 411 | 4.3 | [A comparison of deep networks with ReLU activation function and linear spline-type methods](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2018.11.005) | [Neural Networks](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/neural-networks.md) | 2018-12-04 | Konstantin Eckle, Johannes Schmidt-Hieber |
| 5 | 393 | 5.9 | [A survey of deep meta-learning](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-021-10004-4) | [Artificial Intelligence Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/artificial-intelligence-review.md) | 2021-04-19 | Mike Huisman, Jan N. van Rijn, Aske Plaat |
| 6 | 382 | 3.4 | [Sustainable Entrepreneurship: The Role of Perceived Barriers and Risk](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3646-8) | [Journal of Business Ethics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-business-ethics.md) | 2017-08-08 | Brigitte Hoogendoorn, Peter van der Zwan, Roy Thurik |
| 7 | 326 | 7.8 | [Stock price prediction with optimized deep LSTM network with artificial rabbits optimization algorithm](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120346) | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | 2023-05-04 | Burak Gülmez |
| 8 | 277 | 4.1 | [Poverty and economic decision making: a review of scarcity theory](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11238-021-09802-7) | [Theory and Decision](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/theory-and-decision.md) | 2021-03-09 | Ernst-Jan de Bruijn, Gerrit Antonides |
| 9 | 265 | 3.1 | [Public value creation in digital government](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.101421) | [Government Information Quarterly](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/government-information-quarterly.md) | 2019-10-01 | Panos Panagiotopoulos, Bram Klievink, Antonio Cordella |
| 10 | 230 | 2.3 | [Business Model Innovation for Resource-efficiency, Circularity and Cleaner Production: What 143 Cases Tell Us](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.03.009) | [Ecological Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/ecological-economics.md) | 2018-06-05 | Fernando J. Díaz López, Ton Bastein, Arnold Tukker |

## In OpenAlex

*Leiden University in OpenAlex*

| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Type | University |
| Location | Leiden, South Holland, Netherlands |
| Also known as | Rijksuniversiteit Leiden, Universiteit Leiden |
| Units listed in OpenAlex | 2 |
| Works in OpenAlex | 140,148 |
| Citations | 11,129,313 |
| h-index | 858 |
| i10-index | 139,115 |
| 2-year mean citedness | 4.83 |
| Website | [www.leiden.edu](http://www.leiden.edu/) |
| ROR | [ror.org/027bh9e22](https://ror.org/027bh9e22) |
| OpenAlex | [openalex.org/I121797337](https://openalex.org/I121797337) |

*Works and citations per year in OpenAlex, and its papers in the tracked journals*

| Year | Works in OpenAlex | Citations received | In the tracked journals | Share |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| 2026 (so far) | 6,142 | 264,796 | 44 | 0.7% |
| 2025 | 6,664 | 349,694 | 72 | 1.1% |
| 2024 | 6,724 | 345,689 | 80 | 1.2% |
| 2023 | 6,062 | 318,513 | 68 | 1.1% |
| 2022 | 5,858 | 306,748 | 75 | 1.3% |
| 2021 | 5,791 | 306,666 | 63 | 1.1% |
| 2020 | 5,566 | 275,604 | 45 | 0.8% |
| 2019 | 5,058 | 233,144 | 49 | 1.0% |
| 2018 | 15,889 | 204,583 | 51 | 0.3% |
| 2017 | 4,523 | 185,493 | 42 | 0.9% |

*Main research topics (OpenAlex, all works)*

| # | Topic | Field | Works |
|---:|---|---|---:|
| 1 | Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies | Physics and Astronomy | 19,031 |
| 2 | Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena | Physics and Astronomy | 18,470 |
| 3 | Astronomy and Astrophysical Research | Physics and Astronomy | 13,623 |
| 4 | Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies | Physics and Astronomy | 6,824 |
| 5 | Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations | Physics and Astronomy | 3,412 |

From OpenAlex's own record of the institution (CC0), read again monthly. Works and citations count everything OpenAlex indexes, not only the tracked journals; topics are OpenAlex's classification of those works.

*Papers, newest first.*

| Date | Title | Journal | Authors | Affiliations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-23 | [Job insecurity and health: evidence from older European workers](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-026-02992-5) | [Empirical Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/empirical-economics.md) | Eduard Suari‐Andreu, Tim Schwartz, Max van Lent et al. | Leiden University; Network for Studies on Pensions, Aging and Retirement; SEO Amsterdam Economics; … |
| 2026-10-15 | [Block vote, open-list proportional representation, and women’s electoral outcomes. Evidence from a quasi-experiment in Polish local elections](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2026.102906) | [European Journal of Political Economy](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/european-journal-of-political-economy.md) | Michał Gulczyński, Monika Köppl–Turyna, Jarosław Kantorowicz | European University Institute; Seeburg Castle University; EcoAustria Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung; … |
| 2026-10-07 | [Is Europe a laggard? Comparing the EU and the US using an interdisciplinary well-being framework](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2026.109238) | [Ecological Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/ecological-economics.md) | Annegeke Jansen, Ranran Wang, Jan-emmanuel De Neve A et al. | Leiden University; University of Oxford; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; … |

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Leiden University. Journal and Conference Research Rankings. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/leiden-university

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-institutions-leiden-university,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Leiden University},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/leiden-university}},
  urldate = {2026-11-02},
  note = {Journal and Conference Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).