---
title: "Bitcoin research: papers, trends and top journals"
description: "From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “Bitcoin” appeared in 1,293 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in finance (841), economics (265) and management (52)."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/bitcoin
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/bitcoin.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
share_text: "From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “Bitcoin” appeared in 1,293 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in finance (841), economics (265) and management (52). (as of 2026-11-03)"
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-11-03T18:03:37+09:00
window: 2026-10-05 to 2026-11-03
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Papers on “Bitcoin”

Research on “Bitcoin” in the 480 tracked journals: papers per year and category, the journals, institutions and countries publishing it, the keywords studied with it and its most-cited papers. It is not among the most frequent keywords of the last 30 days, so this page has no list of its latest papers.

Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/keywords.md

## Key findings

- From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “Bitcoin” appeared in 1,293 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in finance (841), economics (265) and management (52).
- 153 of them were published in 2025, against 24 in 2017.
- Since 2023, the institutions with the most of these papers were Lebanese American University (28), Paris School of Business (19) and Tunis El Manar University (18).
- The journals publishing most of them were Finance research letters (87), International Review of Financial Analysis (47) and Financial Innovation (47).
- The most-cited of them is “Bitcoin: Medium of exchange or speculative assets?” (Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money, 2017), with 1,461 citations.

## Papers per year

*Papers per publication year and category*

| Category | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 (so far) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| [Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/finance.md) | 11 | 44 | 79 | 81 | 106 | 108 | 112 | 105 | 97 | 98 |
| [Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/economics.md) | 11 | 24 | 20 | 17 | 32 | 31 | 36 | 35 | 37 | 22 |
| [Management](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/management.md) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 11 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 2 | 5 | 3 |
| [AI](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/ai.md) | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 6 | 9 |
| [Operations Research](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/operations-research.md) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 5 |
| [Information Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/information-systems.md) | 1 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| [Accounting](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/accounting.md) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 0 |
| [Statistics](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/statistics.md) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| [Marketing](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/marketing.md) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| [Tourism and Hospitality](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/tourism-and-hospitality.md) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| [Health Economics and Policy](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/health-economics-and-policy.md) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| All categories | 24 | 76 | 114 | 121 | 158 | 159 | 178 | 167 | 153 | 143 |

## Where the papers come from

*Journals with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Journal | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [Finance research letters](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/finance-research-letters.md) | 87 |
| 2 | [International Review of Financial Analysis](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-review-of-financial-analysis.md) | 47 |
| 3 | [Financial Innovation](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/financial-innovation.md) | 47 |
| 4 | [International Review of Economics & Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-review-of-economics-finance.md) | 42 |
| 5 | [Computational Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computational-economics.md) | 41 |
| 6 | [Research in International Business and Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/research-in-international-business-and-finance.md) | 29 |
| 7 | [The North American Journal of Economics and Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/the-north-american-journal-of-economics-and-finance.md) | 26 |
| 8 | [Digital Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/digital-finance.md) | 20 |
| 9 | [The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/the-quarterly-review-of-economics-and-finance.md) | 14 |
| 10 | [Economics Letters](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/economics-letters.md) | 13 |

*Institutions with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Institution | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [Lebanese American University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/lebanese-american-university.md) | 28 |
| 2 | Paris School of Business | 19 |
| 3 | Tunis El Manar University | 18 |
| 4 | Pusan National University | 13 |
| 5 | University of Sfax | 13 |
| 6 | Bucharest University of Economic Studies | 11 |
| 7 | Manouba University | 11 |
| 8 | Sultan Qaboos University | 10 |
| 9 | University of Sousse | 10 |
| 10 | [University of Southampton](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/university-of-southampton.md) | 10 |

*Countries with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Country | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | China | 100 |
| 2 | United States | 93 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 72 |
| 4 | France | 62 |
| 5 | Tunisia | 56 |
| 6 | South Korea | 47 |
| 7 | Turkey | 47 |
| 8 | India | 43 |
| 9 | Australia | 39 |
| 10 | Italy | 32 |

*Keywords with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Keyword | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | Ethereum | 223 |
| 2 | [cryptocurrency](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/cryptocurrency.md) | 146 |
| 3 | cryptocurrency market | 123 |
| 4 | [COVID-19 pandemic](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/covid-19-pandemic.md) | 122 |
| 5 | gold | 106 |
| 6 | [hedging](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/hedging.md) | 75 |
| 7 | [Russian invasion of Ukraine](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/russian-invasion-of-ukraine.md) | 67 |
| 8 | [volatility spillovers](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/volatility-spillovers.md) | 65 |
| 9 | [portfolio diversification](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/portfolio-diversification.md) | 63 |

## Most-cited papers

*Most-cited papers since 2017*

| # | Citations | Per month | Title | Journal | Published | Authors |
|---:|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1,461 | 13.7 | [Bitcoin: Medium of exchange or speculative assets?](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2017.12.004) | [Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-international-financial-markets-institutions-and-money.md) | 2017-12-21 | Dirk G. Baur, KiHoon Hong, Adrian D. Lee |
| 2 | 1,095 | 9.7 | [Volatility estimation for Bitcoin: A comparison of GARCH models](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2017.06.023) | [Economics Letters](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/economics-letters.md) | 2017-06-21 | Paraskevi Katsiampa |
| 3 | 905 | 8.5 | [Trading and Arbitrage in Cryptocurrency Markets](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2019.07.001) | [Journal of Financial Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/journal-of-financial-economics.md) | 2018-01-01 | Igor Makarov, Antoinette Schoar B |
| 4 | 889 | 9.2 | [Blockchain technology for enhancing supply chain resilience](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.012) | [Business Horizons](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/business-horizons.md) | 2018-10-25 | Hokey Min |
| 5 | 880 | 11.3 | [The contagion effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from gold and cryptocurrencies](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101554) | [Finance research letters](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/finance-research-letters.md) | 2020-05-14 | Shaen Corbet, Charles James Larkin, Brian M. Lucey |

## Research ideas that follow this keyword

- [Is Bitcoin an inflation hedge after all?](https://scholar4ai.com/ideas/is-bitcoin-an-inflation-hedge.md)

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Papers on “Bitcoin”. Journal and Conference Research Rankings. Retrieved November 3, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/bitcoin

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-keywords-bitcoin,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Papers on “Bitcoin”},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/bitcoin}},
  urldate = {2026-11-03},
  note = {Journal and Conference Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).