---
title: "Stackelberg game research: papers, trends and top journals"
description: "From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “Stackelberg game” appeared in 883 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in operations research (612), economics (93) and AI (79)."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/stackelberg-game
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/stackelberg-game.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
share_text: "From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “Stackelberg game” appeared in 883 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in operations research (612), economics (93) and AI (79). (as of 2026-11-03)"
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-11-03T18:03:37+09:00
window: 2026-10-05 to 2026-11-03
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Papers on “Stackelberg game”

Research on “Stackelberg game” in the 480 tracked journals: papers per year and category, the journals, institutions and countries publishing it, the keywords studied with it and its most-cited papers. It is not among the most frequent keywords of the last 30 days, so this page has no list of its latest papers.

Back to the ranking: https://scholar4ai.com/rankings/keywords.md

## Key findings

- From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “Stackelberg game” appeared in 883 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in operations research (612), economics (93) and AI (79).
- 115 of them were published in 2025, against 44 in 2017.
- Since 2023, the institutions with the most of these papers were Hong Kong Polytechnic University (26), Northeastern University (15) and University of Science and Technology of China (15).
- The journals publishing most of them were Computers & Industrial Engineering (53), Annals of Operations Research (37) and Expert Systems with Applications (33).
- The most-cited of them is “Pricing and carbon emission reduction decisions in supply chains with vertical and horizontal cooperation” (International Journal of Production Economics, 2017), with 348 citations.

## Papers per year

*Papers per publication year and category*

| Category | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 (so far) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| [Operations Research](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/operations-research.md) | 32 | 59 | 46 | 57 | 60 | 67 | 76 | 78 | 72 | 65 |
| [Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/economics.md) | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 16 | 8 | 15 | 13 | 15 |
| [AI](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/ai.md) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 21 |
| [Finance](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/finance.md) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 6 |
| [Information Systems](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/information-systems.md) | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| [Marketing](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/marketing.md) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| [Management](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/management.md) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| [Tourism and Hospitality](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/tourism-and-hospitality.md) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| [Health Economics and Policy](https://scholar4ai.com/categories/health-economics-and-policy.md) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| All categories | 44 | 68 | 64 | 77 | 85 | 95 | 107 | 116 | 115 | 112 |

## Where the papers come from

*Journals with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Journal | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [Computers & Industrial Engineering](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computers-industrial-engineering.md) | 53 |
| 2 | [Annals of Operations Research](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/annals-of-operations-research.md) | 37 |
| 3 | [Expert Systems with Applications](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/expert-systems-with-applications.md) | 33 |
| 4 | [International Journal of Production Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-production-economics.md) | 31 |
| 5 | [Transportation Research Part E Logistics and Transportation Review](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/transportation-research-part-e-logistics-and-transportation-review.md) | 31 |
| 6 | [European Journal of Operational Research](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/european-journal-of-operational-research.md) | 30 |
| 7 | [Operational Research](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/operational-research.md) | 13 |
| 8 | [Electronic Commerce Research](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/electronic-commerce-research.md) | 13 |
| 9 | [Omega](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/omega.md) | 11 |
| 10 | [Energy Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/energy-economics.md) | 10 |

*Institutions with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Institution | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [Hong Kong Polytechnic University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/hong-kong-polytechnic-university.md) | 26 |
| 2 | [Northeastern University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/northeastern-university.md) | 15 |
| 3 | [University of Science and Technology of China](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/university-of-science-and-technology-of-china.md) | 15 |
| 4 | [Shanghai University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/shanghai-university.md) | 10 |
| 5 | [Central South University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/central-south-university.md) | 9 |
| 6 | [Tianjin University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/tianjin-university.md) | 9 |
| 7 | [Shenzhen University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/shenzhen-university.md) | 8 |
| 8 | [Tongji University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/tongji-university.md) | 8 |
| 9 | [National University of Singapore](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/national-university-of-singapore.md) | 7 |
| 10 | [Southeast University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/southeast-university.md) | 7 |

*Countries with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Country | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | China | 296 |
| 2 | United States | 58 |
| 3 | Hong Kong | 35 |
| 4 | India | 32 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 29 |
| 6 | Iran | 26 |
| 7 | Canada | 24 |
| 8 | France | 19 |
| 9 | Australia | 18 |
| 10 | Germany | 15 |

*Keywords with the most papers, since 2023*

| # | Keyword | Papers |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [social welfare (welfare economics)](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/social-welfare-welfare-economics.md) | 48 |
| 2 | supply chain coordination | 46 |
| 3 | [government subsidies](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/government-subsidies.md) | 30 |
| 4 | [bi-level optimization](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/bi-level-optimization.md) | 28 |
| 5 | closed-loop supply chain | 25 |
| 6 | pricing strategy | 25 |
| 7 | price setting | 24 |
| 8 | [Nash equilibrium](https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/nash-equilibrium.md) | 23 |
| 9 | dual-channel supply chain | 21 |

## Most-cited papers

*Most-cited papers since 2017*

| # | Citations | Per month | Title | Journal | Published | Authors |
|---:|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 348 | 3.1 | [Pricing and carbon emission reduction decisions in supply chains with vertical and horizontal cooperation](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2017.06.021) | [International Journal of Production Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/international-journal-of-production-economics.md) | 2017-06-20 | Lei Yang, Qin Zhang, Jingna Ji |
| 2 | 325 | 6.1 | [Traceability vs. sustainability in supply chains: The implications of blockchain](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2022.05.034) | [European Journal of Operational Research](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/european-journal-of-operational-research.md) | 2022-05-20 | Debajyoti Biswas, Hamed Jalali, Amir Hossein Ansaripoor et al. |
| 3 | 319 | 2.7 | [Sustainable supply chain management with pricing, greening and governmental tariffs determining strategies: A game-theoretic approach](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2017.01.017) | [Computers & Industrial Engineering](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/computers-industrial-engineering.md) | 2017-01-17 | Seyed Reza Madani, Morteza Rasti−Barzoki |
| 4 | 307 | 2.6 | [Strategic planning: Design and coordination for dual-recycling channel reverse supply chain considering consumer behavior](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2016.12.050) | [European Journal of Operational Research](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/european-journal-of-operational-research.md) | 2017-01-05 | Lipan Feng, Kannan Govindan, Chunfa Li |
| 5 | 267 | 4.2 | [Effects of government subsidies on green technology investment and green marketing coordination of supply chain under the cap-and-trade mechanism](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105426) | [Energy Economics](https://scholar4ai.com/journals/energy-economics.md) | 2021-07-08 | Zhimin Li, Yanchun Pan, Wen Yang et al. |

## Research ideas that follow this keyword

- [Who sets the price in live-streaming commerce?](https://scholar4ai.com/ideas/price-setting-in-live-streaming-commerce.md)

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Papers on “Stackelberg game”. Journal and Conference Research Rankings. Retrieved November 3, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/stackelberg-game

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-keywords-stackelberg-game,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Papers on “Stackelberg game”},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/stackelberg-game}},
  urldate = {2026-11-03},
  note = {Journal and Conference Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).