---
title: "Who cites United States-funded research"
description: "Since 2023, papers in the tracked journals cited the 18,110 papers funded from the United States 108,717 times (counting each citing country), #2 of 129 funding countries. 23% of the links come from papers with authors in the United States; abroad, the largest users are China (44,873), the United Kingdom (10,778) and Germany (6,520)."
url: https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/united-states
markdown_url: https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/united-states.md
license: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
share_text: "Since 2023, papers in the tracked journals cited the 18,110 papers funded from the United States 108,717 times (counting each citing country), #2 of 129 funding countries. 23% of the links come from papers with authors… (as of 2026-10-31)"
data_url: https://scholar4ai.com/data/rankings.json
updated: 2026-10-31T17:45:59+09:00
window: 2026-10-02 to 2026-10-31
source: OpenAlex (CC0)
---

# Who uses research funded from the United States

Where the papers funded from the United States are cited inside the 400 tracked journals: by country, by institution and by funder, and whose research the papers from the United States cite. A citation link is one paper citing another, both in the tracked journals (from OpenAlex references). The source is the country of the cited paper's funders (OpenAlex funders and their countries); the users are the countries and institutions of the citing paper's authors. A link counts once for each funding country of the cited paper and each country (or institution) of the citing paper, so the rows overlap. Papers without funding information, about half of them, have no source.

All funding countries: https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain.md

## Key findings

- Since 2023, papers in the tracked journals cited the 18,110 papers funded from the United States 108,717 times (counting each citing country), #2 of 129 funding countries.
- 23% of the links come from papers with authors in the United States; abroad, the largest users are China (44,873), the United Kingdom (10,778) and Germany (6,520).
- The institutions citing this research most are Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1,956), Chinese Academy of Sciences (1,632) and Tsinghua University (1,536).
- The United States funders behind the most-cited links are National Science Foundation (33,184), National Institutes of Health (5,001) and World Bank Group (3,714).
- In turn, papers with authors in the United States draw most on research funded from China (37,668), the United Kingdom (7,605) and Germany (5,517).

## Citing countries

*Countries whose papers cite United States-funded research, since 2023*

| # | Citing country | Links | Share |
|---:|---|---:|---:|
| 1 | China | 44,873 | 41% |
| 2 | United States | 25,117 | 23% |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 10,778 | 10% |
| 4 | Germany | 6,520 | 6% |
| 5 | Australia | 6,231 | 6% |
| 6 | Italy | 5,315 | 5% |
| 7 | Hong Kong | 4,855 | 4% |
| 8 | France | 4,784 | 4% |
| 9 | Canada | 3,846 | 4% |
| 10 | India | 3,835 | 4% |
| 11 | Spain | 3,437 | 3% |
| 12 | Netherlands | 3,118 | 3% |
| 13 | South Korea | 2,802 | 3% |
| 14 | Singapore | 2,564 | 2% |
| 15 | Japan | 2,065 | 2% |
| 16 | Switzerland | 1,919 | 2% |
| 17 | Sweden | 1,760 | 2% |
| 18 | Turkey | 1,575 | 1% |
| 19 | Taiwan | 1,507 | 1% |
| 20 | Belgium | 1,407 | 1% |
| 21 | Macao | 1,233 | 1% |
| 22 | Norway | 1,220 | 1% |
| 23 | Finland | 1,211 | 1% |
| 24 | Brazil | 1,199 | 1% |
| 25 | Denmark | 1,154 | 1% |
| 26 | Austria | 1,121 | 1% |
| 27 | Saudi Arabia | 1,046 | 1% |
| 28 | Vietnam | 1,015 | 1% |
| 29 | Iran | 989 | 1% |
| 30 | United Arab Emirates | 965 | 1% |

## Citing institutions

*Institutions whose papers cite United States-funded research most, since 2023*

| # | Institution | Country | Links |
|---:|---|---|---:|
| 1 | [Hong Kong Polytechnic University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/hong-kong-polytechnic-university.md) | Hong Kong | 1,956 |
| 2 | [Chinese Academy of Sciences](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/chinese-academy-of-sciences.md) | China | 1,632 |
| 3 | [Tsinghua University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/tsinghua-university.md) | China | 1,536 |
| 4 | [Zhejiang University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/zhejiang-university.md) | China | 1,451 |
| 5 | [Peking University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/peking-university.md) | China | 1,365 |
| 6 | [National University of Singapore](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/national-university-of-singapore.md) | Singapore | 1,219 |
| 7 | [Sun Yat-sen University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/sun-yat-sen-university.md) | China | 1,216 |
| 8 | [Beijing Jiaotong University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/beijing-jiaotong-university.md) | China | 1,211 |
| 9 | [Xi'an Jiaotong University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/xi-an-jiaotong-university.md) | China | 1,192 |
| 10 | [Southeast University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/southeast-university.md) | China | 1,158 |
| 11 | [Tongji University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/tongji-university.md) | China | 1,143 |
| 12 | [Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/centre-national-de-la-recherche-scientifique.md) | France | 1,098 |
| 13 | [Wuhan University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/wuhan-university.md) | China | 1,084 |
| 14 | [Renmin University of China](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/renmin-university-of-china.md) | China | 1,052 |
| 15 | [Beihang University](https://scholar4ai.com/institutions/beihang-university.md) | China | 1,016 |

## Funders

*United States funders whose papers are cited most, since 2023*

| # | Funder | Links |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [National Science Foundation](https://scholar4ai.com/funders/national-science-foundation.md) | 33,184 |
| 2 | [National Institutes of Health](https://scholar4ai.com/funders/national-institutes-of-health.md) | 5,001 |
| 3 | World Bank Group | 3,714 |
| 4 | National Institute on Aging | 3,667 |
| 5 | Nvidia | 3,335 |
| 6 | Office of Naval Research | 3,178 |
| 7 | U.S. Department of Energy | 2,646 |
| 8 | U.S. Department of Transportation | 2,487 |
| 9 | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency | 2,208 |
| 10 | Army Research Office | 1,978 |
| 11 | Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation | 1,885 |
| 12 | Air Force Office of Scientific Research | 1,858 |
| 13 | Foundation for the National Institutes of Health | 1,609 |
| 14 | Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative | 1,382 |
| 15 | Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation | 1,305 |

## What papers from the United States cite

*Research funded elsewhere that papers from the United States cite, since 2023*

| # | Funding country | Links |
|---:|---|---:|
| 1 | [China](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/china.md) | 37,668 |
| 2 | [United Kingdom](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/united-kingdom.md) | 7,605 |
| 3 | [Germany](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/germany.md) | 5,517 |
| 4 | [Canada](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/canada.md) | 4,707 |
| 5 | [Spain](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/spain.md) | 4,165 |
| 6 | [Australia](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/australia.md) | 3,936 |
| 7 | [South Korea](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/south-korea.md) | 3,080 |
| 8 | [France](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/france.md) | 2,922 |
| 9 | [Hong Kong](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/hong-kong.md) | 2,590 |
| 10 | [Italy](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/italy.md) | 2,287 |
| 11 | [Netherlands](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/netherlands.md) | 2,278 |
| 12 | [Japan](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/japan.md) | 2,068 |
| 13 | [Sweden](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/sweden.md) | 1,923 |
| 14 | [Switzerland](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/switzerland.md) | 1,895 |
| 15 | [Singapore](https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/singapore.md) | 1,726 |

## Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). Who uses research funded from the United States. Journal Research Rankings. Retrieved October 31, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/united-states

```bibtex
@misc{scholar4ai-supply-chain-united-states,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {Who uses research funded from the United States},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/supply-chain/united-states}},
  urldate = {2026-10-31},
  note = {Journal Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}
```

License: CC BY-NC 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).