Congestion pricing in New York
Congestion pricing, low emission zones and road tolls appear on just 10 recent papers, with one in the last quarter. New York's congestion charge began in January 2025, the first in the US, after years of delay. What did it do to traffic, transit, business and air quality, and who paid?
What prompted this#
Since October 2025, 10 papers carry a congestion-pricing, congestion-charge, road-pricing, low-emission-zone or toll keyword (5 in economics journals, 4 in operations research): "congestion pricing" on 5, "low emission zones" on 4. Only one of them was published in July–September 2026. The evidence from London, Stockholm and Milan is old; New York's charge is a new, large and well-measured experiment.
Questions#
- How much did vehicle entries, travel times and bus speeds change in the charging zone, and did traffic rise just outside it?
- Did retail sales and restaurant visits in the zone fall, as opponents predicted, or rise with easier access?
- Who pays the charge by income and residence, and did transit ridership and the revenue reach the promised investments?
Data that could help#
Traffic counts and travel times (the transit authority's public data, mapping services), card spending by location, transit ridership and air quality monitors.
Next step#
Compare weekday vehicle entries, bus speeds and card spending in the zone with matched areas elsewhere in the city for the year before and after January 2025.