CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100

data category: Image classification benchmarks · 0 papers in the last 7 days

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Labelled image collections used to train and compare image classifiers.

Names searched for: CIFAR, CIFAR10, CIFAR100

Key findings#

From Nov 2023 to Oct 2026, 968 archived papers mentioned CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 in their title, abstract or keywords (the search of earlier months' full texts is still under way), most of them in Jan 2025 (48).
CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 was mentioned in 15 papers in the last 30 days (2026-10-06 to 2026-11-04), ranking #11 of the 255 datasets mentioned.
By journal category: AI (15).
Most of them appeared in Neural Networks (4), Pattern Recognition (4) and Knowledge-Based Systems (3).
From 2017 to 2026 (so far), CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 was mentioned in 1,304 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in AI (1,264), operations research (24) and information systems (7).
325 of them were published in 2025, against 6 in 2017.
Since 2023, the institutions with the most of these papers were Chinese Academy of Sciences (65), Nanyang Technological University (42) and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (36).
The journals publishing most of them were IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (169), IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (160) and Neural Networks (92).
The most-cited of them is “Res2Net: A New Multi-Scale Backbone Architecture” (IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2019), with 3,404 citations.
Papers use CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 most often with ImageNet (768), MNIST / Fashion-MNIST (515) and SVHN (166); it has 84 partners in the code and data network, in the group around ImageNet, CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100, MNIST / Fashion-MNIST.

Mentions over 36 months#

Papers mentioning it by publication month, Nov 2023 to Oct 2026 (titles, abstracts and keywords; the full texts of earlier months are still being searched)
Trend	Nov 23–Oct 24	Nov 24–Oct 25	Nov 25–Oct 26	36 months
	380	343	245	968

Papers per year#

20172026 (so far)

Papers per publication year and category
Category	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	2026 (so far)
AI	6	17	27	35	63	94	145	365	313	199
Operations Research	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	7	9	5
Information Systems	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	3	1
Statistics	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2	0	1
Higher Education and Research	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0
Finance	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
All categories	6	17	27	36	64	94	149	379	325	207

Where the papers come from#

Journals with the most papers, since 2023
#	Journal	Papers
1	IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence	169
2	IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems	160
3	Neural Networks	92
4	Machine Learning	70
5	Neural Computing and Applications	69
6	IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence	65
7	Pattern Recognition	64
8	International Journal of Computer Vision	64
9	Artificial Intelligence Review	60
10	Expert Systems with Applications	42

Institutions with the most papers, since 2023
#	Institution	Papers
1	Chinese Academy of Sciences	65
2	Nanyang Technological University	42
3	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences	36
4	Zhejiang University	36
5	Institute of Automation	33
6	Tsinghua University	28
7	University of Electronic Science and Technology of China	28
8	Sun Yat-sen University	26
9	Xidian University	25
10	Nanjing University	22

Countries with the most papers, since 2023
#	Country	Papers
1	China	510
2	United States	160
3	United Kingdom	116
4	Australia	94
5	Hong Kong	82
6	Singapore	75
7	Italy	54
8	South Korea	42
9	Canada	37
10	Germany	36

Keywords with the most papers, since 2023
#	Keyword	Papers
1	image classification	161
2	federated learning	63
3	catastrophic forgetting	62
4	convolutional neural networks	62
5	CIFAR-10	54
6	continual learning	54
7	knowledge distillation	54
8	adversarial robustness	51
9	neural architecture search	51
10	spiking neural networks	47

Most-cited papers#

Most-cited papers since 2017
#	Citations	Per month	Title	Journal	Published	Authors
1	3,404	39.5	Res2Net: A New Multi-Scale Backbone Architecture	IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence	2019-08-30	Shanghua Gao, Ming‐Ming Cheng, Kai Zhao et al.
2	3,086	31.1	A systematic study of the class imbalance problem in convolutional neural networks	Neural Networks	2018-07-29	Mateusz Buda, Atsuto Maki, Maciej A. Mazurowski
3	2,861	28.8	Virtual Adversarial Training: A Regularization Method for Supervised and Semi-Supervised Learning	IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence	2018-07-23	Takeru Miyato, Shin‐ichi Maeda, Masanori Koyama et al.
4	2,404	25.6	One Pixel Attack for Fooling Deep Neural Networks	IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation	2019-01-04	Jiawei Su, Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas, Kouichi Sakurai
5	1,187	37.8	A review of convolutional neural networks in computer vision	Artificial Intelligence Review	2024-03-23	Xia Zhao, Limin Wang, Yufei Zhang et al.

Archive counts by publication year: a paper counts when its title, abstract or keywords name the dataset, or when OpenAlex's full-text search finds it there (searched for the last 30 days' papers and, by a pass over the past years, for older ones). Names added to the list later are looked for in older papers as the archive is read again.

Used together with#

Papers use CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 most often with ImageNet (768), MNIST / Fashion-MNIST (515) and SVHN (166); it has 84 partners in the code and data network, in the group around ImageNet, CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100, MNIST / Fashion-MNIST. The whole network →

What papers use CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 together with (at least 3 papers; lift 1 = chance)
Used with	Type	Papers using both	Lift
ImageNet	Dataset	768	10.7
MNIST / Fashion-MNIST	Dataset	515	15.8
SVHN	Dataset	166	27.3
MS COCO	Dataset	114	4.3
Fine-grained benchmarks (CUB-200, Stanford Cars, Oxford Flowers)	Dataset	103	15.0
Face recognition (LFW, CelebA, VGGFace2)	Dataset	68	8.2
Caltech-101 / 256	Dataset	65	14.6
PASCAL VOC	Dataset	59	6.0
Kaggle	Dataset	39	2.2
IMDb	Dataset	37	5.1
Cityscapes	Dataset	35	3.9
Domain adaptation benchmarks (Office-31, Office-Home, VisDA…	Dataset	34	7.3

Papers mentioning CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100 in the last 30 days, newest first.
Date	Title	Journal	Authors	Affiliations
2026-10-28	Breathing life into activation functions: the SWIn framework for sustained nonlinearity	Neural Networks	Yu Ran, Li Zhang, Shi Yuan	University of Manchester; University of International Business and Economics
2026-10-26	CARD: Conditional backdoor repair under limited clean data via target-side occupancy–takeover readout	Expert Systems with Applications	Yuchen Dong, Jian Peng, Lixu Sun et al.	Xinjiang University; Xinjiang Institute of Engineering
2026-10-23	DFedSVRG: Decentralized federated learning with stochastic variance reduced gradient	Expert Systems with Applications	Jialong Huang, Jianhua Hu, Qinglun Li et al.	University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; National University of Defense Technology
2026-10-23	A Lagrangian-inspired force-based loss for deep metric learning	Neural Networks	Byung Do Cheon, Jeongmin Yu, Jung-Eun Kim et al.	Yonsei University
2026-10-23	Increment Vector Transformation for Class Incremental Learning	Pattern Recognition	Zihuan Qiu, Yi Xu, Fanman Meng et al.	University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
2026-10-20	Central description length (CDL) clustering validation index	Artificial Intelligence	Mahdi Shamsi, Soosan Beheshti	McGill University; Toronto Metropolitan University
2026-10-19	Nothing beyond randomness is required for forward-forward learning	Pattern Recognition	Yue Zhou, Xiaofang Hu, Shukai Duan	Southwest University
2026-10-15	Frequency–spatial dual-domain imperceptible watermarking for robust image datasets copyright protection	Information Processing & Management	Xiaojie Du, Yedi Chen, Kai Ma et al.	Guizhou Normal University
2026-10-14	A transferable adversarial attack method via Loss Surface Guided Gradient Optimization	Knowledge-Based Systems	Chuan Ye, Xiaoqing Yang, Yunhan Li et al.	Southwest Petroleum University; Sichuan University; Huzhou College
2026-10-14	Dynamic gain neuromodulation attenuates stability gaps during continual joint training	Neural Networks	Alejandro Rodriguez-Garcia, Anindya Ghosh, Srikanth Ramaswamy	Newcastle University
2026-10-13	Dual-prompt semantic decoupling and transfer for long-tailed recognition	Neural Networks	Xiaohua Chen, Yue Wang, Yanbiao Ma	Communication University of China; Xidian University; Renmin University of China
2026-10-10	Variational graph-based semi-supervised learning	Pattern Recognition	Sebastian Salwig, Till Kahlke, Jörg Lücke	Universität Innsbruck
2026-10-09	Semantic-Clustered Multimodal Prompt Tuning for long-tailed visual recognition	Knowledge-Based Systems	Binlong Dong, Yuge Xu	South China University of Technology
2026-10-08	Learning transferable noise recognizers from training dynamics for robust classification	Pattern Recognition	Mengyang Li, Shu Zhou, Jue Lv et al.	Tianjin Normal University
2026-10-07	CGNC: Confidence-Guided Neighbor Consensus for semi-supervised learning	Knowledge-Based Systems	Ahmed Abbas Jaber, Mengzi Tang, Zhishu Shen et al.	Wuhan University of Technology

Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100. Journal and Conference Research Rankings. Retrieved November 4, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/datasets/cifar-10-cifar-100

@misc{scholar4ai-datasets-cifar-10-cifar-100,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {CIFAR-10 / CIFAR-100},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/datasets/cifar-10-cifar-100}},
  urldate = {2026-11-04},
  note = {Journal and Conference Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}

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