Papers on “low- and middle-income countries”
Research on “low- and middle-income countries” in the 480 tracked journals: papers per year and category, the journals, institutions and countries publishing it, the keywords studied with it and its most-cited papers. It is not among the most frequent keywords of the last 30 days, so this page has no list of its latest papers. Also as Markdown.
← Top research keywords · Keyword trends
Key findings#
- From 2017 to 2026 (so far), the keyword “low- and middle-income countries” appeared in 1,180 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in health economics and policy (774), economics (227) and higher education and research (58).
- 146 of them were published in 2025, against 73 in 2017.
- Since 2023, the institutions with the most of these papers were Harvard University (23), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (21) and University of Oxford (20).
- The journals publishing most of them were Social Science & Medicine (50), International Journal for Equity in Health (43) and Health Research Policy and Systems (40).
- The most-cited of them is “The Trade-off Between Income Inequality and Carbon Dioxide Emissions” (Ecological Economics, 2017), with 358 citations.
Papers per year#
20172026 (so far)
| Category | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 (so far) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Economics and Policy | 60 | 74 | 63 | 92 | 121 | 75 | 63 | 73 | 77 | 76 |
| Economics | 8 | 11 | 16 | 18 | 24 | 22 | 30 | 38 | 26 | 34 |
| Higher Education and Research | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 14 | 10 |
| Management | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| Finance | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 6 |
| Operations Research | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 |
| Statistics | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| AI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
| Marketing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Information Systems | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Accounting | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tourism and Hospitality | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| All categories | 73 | 91 | 90 | 123 | 165 | 116 | 108 | 127 | 146 | 141 |
Where the papers come from#
| # | Journal | Papers |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Social Science & Medicine | 50 |
| 2 | International Journal for Equity in Health | 43 |
| 3 | Health Research Policy and Systems | 40 |
| 4 | Globalization and Health | 26 |
| 5 | World Development | 25 |
| 6 | International Journal of Educational Development | 23 |
| 7 | Human Resources for Health | 23 |
| 8 | Food Policy | 17 |
| 9 | Finance research letters | 15 |
| 10 | Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation | 14 |
| # | Institution | Papers |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harvard University | 23 |
| 2 | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | 21 |
| 3 | University of Oxford | 20 |
| 4 | Johns Hopkins University | 19 |
| 5 | World Health Organization | 18 |
| 6 | International Food Policy Research Institute | 14 |
| 7 | University of Ghana | 13 |
| 8 | World Bank | 12 |
| 9 | King's College London | 11 |
| 10 | London School of Economics and Political Science | 11 |
| # | Country | Papers |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 178 |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 131 |
| 3 | China | 45 |
| 4 | Germany | 43 |
| 5 | Canada | 42 |
| 6 | Australia | 40 |
| 7 | Switzerland | 40 |
| 8 | India | 39 |
| 9 | South Africa | 29 |
| 10 | Netherlands | 25 |
| # | Keyword | Papers |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | COVID-19 pandemic | 41 |
| 2 | health equity | 24 |
| 3 | universal health coverage | 23 |
| 4 | Sustainable Development Goals | 21 |
| 5 | cost-effectiveness | 17 |
| 6 | India | 15 |
| 7 | high-income countries | 15 |
| 8 | health care access | 14 |
| 9 | health care financing | 14 |
Most-cited papers#
| # | Citations | Per month | Title | Journal | Published | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 358 | 3.2 | The Trade-off Between Income Inequality and Carbon Dioxide Emissions | Ecological Economics | 2017-07-07 | Nicole Grunewald, Stephan Klasen, Inmaculada Martínez‐Zarzoso et al. |
| 2 | 284 | 3.0 | Poverty and distributional effects of carbon pricing in low- and middle-income countries – A global comparative analysis | World Development | 2018-12-07 | Ira Irina Dorband, Michael Jakob, Matthias Kalkuhl et al. |
| 3 | 262 | 3.4 | Remittances and economic growth: A meta-analysis | World Development | 2020-06-05 | Alina Cazachevici, Tomáš Havránek, Roman Horváth |
| 4 | 255 | 3.8 | An inquiry into the nexus between energy poverty and income inequality in the light of global evidence | Energy Economics | 2021-04-21 | Canh Phuc Nguyen, Muhammad Ali Nasir |
| 5 | 252 | 2.6 | The effectiveness of agricultural certification in developing countries: A systematic review | World Development | 2018-09-05 | Carlos Oya, Florian Schaefer, Dafni Skalidou |
Cite this page
Scholar4AI. (2026). Papers on “low- and middle-income countries”. Journal and Conference Research Rankings. Retrieved November 5, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/low-and-middle-income-countries
@misc{scholar4ai-keywords-low-and-middle-income-countries,
author = {{Scholar4AI}},
title = {Papers on “low- and middle-income countries”},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/keywords/low-and-middle-income-countries}},
urldate = {2026-11-05},
note = {Journal and Conference Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}