SDG 10: Reduced inequalities

Papers in the tracked journals on UN Sustainable Development Goal 10, Reduced inequalities. OpenAlex assigns a paper to each UN Sustainable Development Goal that its classifier scores above 0.4 from the paper's text; a paper can belong to several goals or to none. Also as Markdown.

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Key findings#

From 2017 to 2026 (so far), SDG 10 (Reduced inequalities) was addressed by 26,563 papers in the tracked journals, most of them in economics (15,660), health economics and policy (2,007) and management (1,997).
It is #5 of the 17 goals by papers from 2023 to 2025 (10,123).
4,081 of them were published in 2025, against 1,691 in 2017.
Since 2023, the institutions with the most of these papers were IZA - Institute of Labor Economics (231), Peking University (172) and World Bank (157).
The journals publishing most of them were World Development (493), Energy Policy (393) and Finance research letters (363).
The most-cited of them is “Stop explaining black box machine learning models for high stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead” (Nature Machine Intelligence, 2019), with 10,516 citations.

Papers per year#

20172026 (so far)

Papers per publication year and category
Category	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	2026 (so far)
Economics	1,117	1,228	1,239	1,451	1,538	1,624	1,635	1,825	2,125	1,878
Health Economics and Policy	161	147	186	184	198	154	185	217	297	278
Management	115	131	140	145	192	212	192	289	301	280
Finance	61	59	62	73	114	117	151	299	432	290
Higher Education and Research	88	79	91	123	137	142	134	221	231	201
Operations Research	48	71	79	120	124	117	119	174	232	240
AI	19	22	43	46	74	114	109	143	254	230
Tourism and Hospitality	36	21	38	53	58	54	64	73	92	77
Information Systems	25	16	17	34	41	42	41	45	46	55
Marketing	9	12	14	19	24	28	22	26	33	28
Accounting	5	14	6	16	20	18	22	36	27	30
Statistics	7	2	6	6	4	13	13	7	11	10
All categories	1,691	1,802	1,921	2,270	2,524	2,635	2,687	3,355	4,081	3,597

Where the papers come from#

Journals with the most papers, since 2023
#	Journal	Papers
1	World Development	493
2	Energy Policy	393
3	Finance research letters	363
4	Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization	293
5	Journal of Development Economics	275
6	Economic Analysis and Policy	273
7	Higher Education	271
8	Labour Economics	256
9	Energy Economics	236
10	International Review of Economics & Finance	232

Institutions with the most papers, since 2023
#	Institution	Papers
1	IZA - Institute of Labor Economics	231
2	Peking University	172
3	World Bank	157
4	Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique	156
5	Renmin University of China	136
6	University of Oxford	127
7	London School of Economics and Political Science	121
8	Zhejiang University	109
9	University College London	103
10	Southwestern University of Finance and Economics	96

Countries with the most papers, since 2023
#	Country	Papers
1	United States	3,664
2	China	2,886
3	United Kingdom	1,577
4	Germany	1,003
5	Italy	944
6	Spain	728
7	Australia	725
8	India	608
9	Canada	594
10	France	580

Keywords with the most papers, since 2023
#	Keyword	Papers
1	China	1,057
2	income inequality	987
3	gender differences	680
4	COVID-19 pandemic	515
5	regional disparities	398
6	financial inclusion	384
7	educational attainment	341
8	India	284
9	developing countries	272
10	human capital	254

Most-cited papers#

Most-cited papers since 2017
#	Citations	Per month	Title	Journal	Published	Authors
1	10,516	117.3	Stop explaining black box machine learning models for high stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead	Nature Machine Intelligence	2019-05-13	Cynthia D Rudin
2	3,023	33.1	Survey on deep learning with class imbalance	Journal Of Big Data	2019-03-19	Justin M. Johnson, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar
3	2,032	26.8	How many jobs can be done at home?	Journal of Public Economics	2020-07-09	Jonathan I. Dingel, Brent Neiman
4	1,468	13.2	Determinants of Internet skills, uses and outcomes. A systematic review of the second- and third-level digital divide	Telematics and Informatics	2017-07-15	Anique Scheerder, Alexander Johannes Aloysius Maria van Deursen, Jan A. G. M. van Dijk
5	1,415	18.9	Inequality in the impact of the coronavirus shock: Evidence from real time surveys	Journal of Public Economics	2020-07-31	Abi Adams‐Prassl, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin et al.
6	1,187	11.6	Just transition: Integrating climate, energy and environmental justice	Energy Policy	2018-04-24	Darren McCauley, Raphael James Heffron
7	1,042	17.6	The digital divide: A review and future research agenda	Technological Forecasting and Social Change	2021-11-27	Sophie Lythreatis, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Abdul-Nasser El-Kassar
8	999	13.4	Polarization and public health: Partisan differences in social distancing during the coronavirus pandemic	Journal of Public Economics	2020-08-06	Hunt Allcott, Levi Boxell, Jacob Conway et al.
9	973	8.8	Cost-Sensitive Learning of Deep Feature Representations From Imbalanced Data	IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems	2017-08-17	Salman H. Khan, Munawar Hayat, Mohammed Bennamoun et al.
10	954	8.6	Inclusive leadership: Realizing positive outcomes through belongingness and being valued for uniqueness	Human Resource Management Review	2017-07-27	Amy E. Randel, Benjamin Martell Galvin, Lynn M. Shore et al.

Cite this page

Scholar4AI. (2026). SDG 10: Reduced inequalities. Journal Research Rankings. Retrieved October 31, 2026, from https://scholar4ai.com/sdgs/10-reduced-inequalities

@misc{scholar4ai-sdgs-10-reduced-inequalities,
  author = {{Scholar4AI}},
  title = {SDG 10: Reduced inequalities},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://scholar4ai.com/sdgs/10-reduced-inequalities}},
  urldate = {2026-10-31},
  note = {Journal Research Rankings; data from OpenAlex (CC0); licensed CC BY-NC 4.0}
}

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